Mawlid (Eid Milad an-Nabi) (Qur'anic Arabic: مَوْلِدُ آلنَبِيِّ mawlidu n-nabiyyi, “Birth of the Prophet” Standard Arabic: مولد النبي mawlid an-nabī, sometimes simply called in colloquial Arabic مولد , mawlid, múlid, mulud, milad among other vernacular pronunciations) is a term used to refer to the observance of the birthday of the Islamic prophet Muhammad which occurs in Rabi' al-awwal, the third month in the Islamic calendar. This year the festival falls on February 26.
The term Mawlid is also used in some parts of the world, such as Egypt, as a generic term for the birthday celebrations of other historical religious figures such as Sufi saints.
Mawlid is derived from the Arabic root word (Arabic: ولد), meaning to give birth, bear a child, descendant. In contemporary usage, Mawlid refers to the observance of the birthday of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Other terms used for this event include:
* Mawlid an-Nabī (pl. al-Mawālid) - The Birth of the Prophet (Arabic)
* Milād an-Nabī - The Birth of the Prophet (Arabic / Urdu)
* Mevlid Şerif - The Blessed Birth (Turkish)
* Mevlud/Mevlid - Birth (Bosnian)
* Mawlūd Sharīf - The Blessed Birth (Dari(Afg)/Urdu)
* Zadruz-e Payambar-e Akram - The birth of the great/blessed Prophet (Persian)
* Eid al-Mawlid an-Nabawī - Festival of the birth of the Prophet (Arabic)
* Eid-e-Milād-un-Nabī - Festival of the birth of the Prophet (Urdu)
* Mawlid En-Nabaoui Echarif -The Blessed Birth of the Prophet ([1]Algerian)
* Yawm an-Nabī - The Day of the Prophet (Arabic)
* Maulidur-Rasūl - The Birth of the Messenger of Allah (Malay)
* Mulud - The Birth (Javanese)
* Maulid Nabi - The Birth of the Prophet (Indonesian)
* Maulud Nabi - The Birth of the Prophet (Malaysian)
* Maulidi - Swahili (East Africa)
* Gamou - Wolof (Senegal)
* Barawafat - The Birth of the Prophet (Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh)
History
The earliest accounts for the observance of Mawlid can be found in eighth-century Mecca, when the house in which Muhammad was born was transformed into a place of prayer by Al-Khayzuran (mother of Harun al-Rashid, the fifth and most famous Abbasid caliph). The early celebrations included elements of Sufic influence, with animal sacrifices and torchlight processions along with public sermons and a feast. The celebrations occurred during the day, in contrast to modern day observances, with the ruler playing a key role in the ceremonies.
The first public celebrations by Sunnis took place in twelfth-century Syria, under the rule of Nur ad-Din Zangi Though there is no firm evidence to indicate the reason for the adoption of the Shi'ite festival by the Sunnis, some theorise the celebrations took hold to counter Christian influence in places such as Spain and Morocco. Theologians denounced the celebration of Mawlid as unorthodox, and the practice was briefly halted by the Ayoubides when they came to power, becoming an event confined to family circles. It regained status as an official event again in 1207 when it was re-introduced by Muzaffar ad-din, the brother-in-law of Saladin, in Arbil, a town near Mosul, Iraq. The practice spread throughout the Muslim world, assimilating local customs.
Islamic scholars are divided on whether observing Mawlid is necessary or even permissible in Islam. Some see it as a praiseworthy event and positive development, while others say it is an improper innovation and forbid its celebration.
The term Mawlid is also used in some parts of the world, such as Egypt, as a generic term for the birthday celebrations of other historical religious figures such as Sufi saints.
Mawlid is derived from the Arabic root word (Arabic: ولد), meaning to give birth, bear a child, descendant. In contemporary usage, Mawlid refers to the observance of the birthday of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Other terms used for this event include:
* Mawlid an-Nabī (pl. al-Mawālid) - The Birth of the Prophet (Arabic)
* Milād an-Nabī - The Birth of the Prophet (Arabic / Urdu)
* Mevlid Şerif - The Blessed Birth (Turkish)
* Mevlud/Mevlid - Birth (Bosnian)
* Mawlūd Sharīf - The Blessed Birth (Dari(Afg)/Urdu)
* Zadruz-e Payambar-e Akram - The birth of the great/blessed Prophet (Persian)
* Eid al-Mawlid an-Nabawī - Festival of the birth of the Prophet (Arabic)
* Eid-e-Milād-un-Nabī - Festival of the birth of the Prophet (Urdu)
* Mawlid En-Nabaoui Echarif -The Blessed Birth of the Prophet ([1]Algerian)
* Yawm an-Nabī - The Day of the Prophet (Arabic)
* Maulidur-Rasūl - The Birth of the Messenger of Allah (Malay)
* Mulud - The Birth (Javanese)
* Maulid Nabi - The Birth of the Prophet (Indonesian)
* Maulud Nabi - The Birth of the Prophet (Malaysian)
* Maulidi - Swahili (East Africa)
* Gamou - Wolof (Senegal)
* Barawafat - The Birth of the Prophet (Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh)
History
The earliest accounts for the observance of Mawlid can be found in eighth-century Mecca, when the house in which Muhammad was born was transformed into a place of prayer by Al-Khayzuran (mother of Harun al-Rashid, the fifth and most famous Abbasid caliph). The early celebrations included elements of Sufic influence, with animal sacrifices and torchlight processions along with public sermons and a feast. The celebrations occurred during the day, in contrast to modern day observances, with the ruler playing a key role in the ceremonies.
The first public celebrations by Sunnis took place in twelfth-century Syria, under the rule of Nur ad-Din Zangi Though there is no firm evidence to indicate the reason for the adoption of the Shi'ite festival by the Sunnis, some theorise the celebrations took hold to counter Christian influence in places such as Spain and Morocco. Theologians denounced the celebration of Mawlid as unorthodox, and the practice was briefly halted by the Ayoubides when they came to power, becoming an event confined to family circles. It regained status as an official event again in 1207 when it was re-introduced by Muzaffar ad-din, the brother-in-law of Saladin, in Arbil, a town near Mosul, Iraq. The practice spread throughout the Muslim world, assimilating local customs.
Islamic scholars are divided on whether observing Mawlid is necessary or even permissible in Islam. Some see it as a praiseworthy event and positive development, while others say it is an improper innovation and forbid its celebration.
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